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mkdir
Create a new directory
mkdir <directory-name> — Creates a new directory.
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cd
Change current directory
cd path/to/dir — Moves into the specified directory.
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ls
List directory contents
ls -la — Lists all files, including hidden, in long format.
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cp
Copy files or directories
cp -r source destination — Recursively copy.
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mv oldname newname — Moves or renames files/directories.
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rm
Remove files or directories
rm -r directory — Deletes directory and its contents.
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rmdir
Remove empty directory
rmdir <directory-name> — Deletes only if empty.
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pwd
Print working directory
pwd — Shows current directory path.
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tree
Display directory tree
tree -L 2 — Shows tree up to level 2.
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chmod 755 directory — Sets owner rwx, group and others rx.
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find . -type d -name "log*" — Finds directories named log*.